Trong các kỳ thi, cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa luôn khiến các thí sinh mất điểm oan. Nắm được các cấu trúc viết lại câu có thể giúp bạn chinh phục Tiếng Anh dễ dàng. Hãy cùng OneCLass Cấp Tốc tìm hiểu các cấu trúc viết lại câu thông dụng nhất qua bài viết này.
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa
Cấu trúc 1
Cấu trúc này dùng để diễn tả quan hệ nguyên nhân, kết quả. Cụm từ thường dùng đó là Because và Because of:
Because/ Since/ As + S + V + …
Câu viết lại: Because of, Due to, As a result of + Noun/ V-ing
Ví dụ: Because it’s snowing now, I can’t see anything
→ Because of the snow, I can’t see anything.
Lưu ý: Bạn có thể chuyển đổi qua lại giữa các cấu trúc tùy theo đề bài yêu cầu.
Cấu trúc 2
Đây là cấu trúc diễn tả sự đối lập nhau.
Although/Though/Even though + S + V + …
Câu viết lại: Despite/ In spite of + Noun/ V-ing
Ví dụ: Although it was very dangerous, they decided to drive at midnight.
→ In spite of the danger, they decided to drive at midnight.
Cấu trúc 3
Viết lại câu với so that và such that để diễn tả cảm xúc:
S + be/ V + so + Adj/ Adv. + that …
Câu viết lại: It + be + such + Noun + that
Ví dụ: This food is so spicy that no one wants to eat it.
→It is such a spicy food that no one wants to eat it.
Cấu trúc 4
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa với too và enough:
S + V + too + Adj. + to V
Câu viết lại: S + V + not + Adj. + enough + to V
Ví dụ: The mountain is too high to climb.
→The mountain is not short enough to climb.
Cấu trúc 5
Đây là cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa tương tự như too và enough nhưng bạn có thể dùng such để câu đa dạng hơn:
so + Adj. + that hoặc such + noun + that
Câu viết lại: too + Adj. (for somebody) + to V
Ví dụ:
- This ring is so expensive that they can’t buy it.
→This ring is too expensive for them to buy.
- It was such a beautiful dress that Helen wanted to buy.
→The dress was too beautiful for Helen to buy.
Cấu trúc 6
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa với find something:
To V + be + Adj./Noun
Câu viết lại: S + find + it + Adj./Noun + to V
Ví dụ: To go to the cinema alone could be hard for him.
→He finds it hard to go alone to the cinema.
Cấu trúc 7
Cấu trúc viết lại câu điều kiện không thay đổi nghĩa trong Tiếng Anh:
- Mệnh đề 1 + so + mệnh đề 2 → If + mệnh đề 1, mệnh đề 2
Ví dụ: Mary didn’t do homework, so she got a bad score.
→If Mary had done homework, she wouldn’t have gotten a bad score.
Tuy nhiên, bạn nên lưu ý khi chuyển sang câu điều kiện, bạn phải lùi một bậc thì.
- Mệnh đề 1 + because + mệnh đề 2 →If + mệnh đề 2, mệnh đề 1
Ví dụ: Julia can’t go shopping because she doesn’t have enough money.
→ If Julia had enough money, she could go shopping.
Cấu trúc 8
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa từ If not sang unless
If … not ⇔ Unless …
Lưu ý: Không được thay đổi loại câu điều kiện mà chỉ có thể thay đổi nghĩa phủ định hay nghi vấn của câu gốc.
Ví dụ: If it doesn’t rain, we can go to the store.
↔ Unless it rains, we can go to the store. (Chúng ta có thể ra cửa hàng trừ khi trời mưa)
Cấu trúc 9
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa từ thì hiện tại hoàn thành sang thì quá khứ đơn và ngược lại.
S + have/has + V3/-ed
→It has been + [thời gian] + since + S + V2/ed + …
Ví dụ: Linn and Dave have been lived together 2 years.
→It’s been 2 years since Linn and Dave lived together.
Cấu trúc 10
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa với mệnh đề If:
- Câu điều ước ở tương lai: wish + someone + would +V
Ví dụ: She won’t come back home → I wish she would come back home.
- Câu ước ở hiện tại: wish + someone + V2/ed
Ví dụ: I don’t have enough money to buy a new house → I wish I could have enough money to buy a new house.
- Câu ước ở quá khứ: wish + someone + had + V3/ed
Ví dụ: I didn’t say that I love my mom → I wish I had said that I loved my mom.
Cấu trúc 11
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa có thì hiện tại hoàn thành phủ định sang thì quá khứ đơn (cấu trúc the last time và cấu trúc when):
S + have/has + NOT + V3/-ed + since/for …
→ S + last + V2/-ed + when + S + V
→ The last time + S + V + was …
Ví dụ:
Christ hasn’t met Lily since they left school → The last time Christ met Lily was when they left school.
Cấu trúc 12
Cấu trúc chuyển câu ở thì quá khứ đơn sang thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn:
S + V2/-ed + …
→ S + have/has + been + V-ing + since/for + …
Ví dụ: Justin started playing trumpet since he was six.
→ Justin has been playing trumpet since he was six.
Cấu trúc 13
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa với it takes time (dành thời gian để làm gì)
S + V + … + [thời gian]
→ It takes/took + someone + [thời gian] + to V
Ví dụ: Kennedy walks to the museum in 30 minutes.
→ It takes Kennedy 30 minutes to walk to the museum.
Cấu trúc 14
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa với it was not until … that (mãi cho tới khi)
S + didn’t + V + …. until …
→ It was not until + … + that + …
Ví dụ: Ana didn’t go home until she finishes all her homework.
→ It was not until Ana finished all her homework that she went home.
Cấu trúc 15
- Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa chuyển đổi câu so sánh hơn thành so sánh nhất và ngược lại:
S + V + (more) + Adj + than + N…
→ S + V + the (most) + Adj + N
Ví dụ: Sapa is the most beautiful place in Viet Nam.
→ No other place in Viet Nam can be more beautiful than Sapa.
- Chuyển đổi câu so sánh bằng thành so sánh hơn và ngược lại:
S + V + as Adj as + N
→ S + V + (more) + Adj + than + N
Ví dụ: My dress isn’t as expensive as her dress.
→ Her dress is more expensive than my dress.
Cấu trúc 16
Viết lại câu bằng cấu trúc started/began sang thì hiện tại hoàn thành
S + began/ started + V-ing/to V + [thời gian] ago
→ S + have/has + V3/-ed hoặc been + V-ing + since/for …
Ví dụ: Nam began to learn French 2 years ago.
→ Nam has learned/ has been learning French for 2 years.
Cấu trúc 17
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa với This is the first time
This is the first time + S + have/has + V3/-ed
→ S + have/has + never (not) + V3/-ed + before
Ví dụ: This is the first time Selena has eaten Pho.
→ Selena has never eaten Pho before.
Cấu trúc 18
Cấu trúc It’s time/ it’s high time/ it’s about time (Đã tới lúc):
S + should/ought to/had better + V …
→ It’s (high/about) time + S + V2/-ed …
Ví dụ: Mary had better go to bed.
→ It‘s (high/about) time Mary went to bed.
Cấu trúc 19
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa bằng từ gợi ý (suggest that, let’s)
Shall we + V
⇔ Let’s + V
⇔ How/What about + V-ing
⇔ Why don’t we + V
⇔ S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive
⇔ In my opinion
Ví dụ:
- “Why don’t they go out for a party?” said the man.
↔ The man suggested going out for a party.
- Let’s have some drinks!
→ What about having some drinks?
Cấu trúc 20
Cấu trúc câu tường thuật dạng bị động:
People say + S + V + …
→ It be said that + S + V
→ S + be said to + V
Ví dụ:
People say that Elen buys a lot of rings.
↔ It is said that Elen buys a lot of rings.
Cấu trúc 21
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa với hardly when và no sooner than
Hardly + had + S + V3/-ed when + S + V3/-ed
→ No sooner + had + S + V3/-ed than + S + V3/-ed
Ví dụ:
As soon as Peter got home, his wife watched TV.
↔ Hardly had Peter gone home when his wife watched TV.
↔ No sooner had Peter gone home than his wife watched TV.
Cấu trúc 22
Viết lại câu dùng cấu trúc Supposed to + V
It’s one’s duty to do something
→ S + be + supposed to do something
Ví dụ: It’s your duty to do this project.
↔ You are supposed to do this project.
Cấu trúc 23
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không đổi nghĩa sử dụng prefer và would rather:
S + prefer + doing sth to doing sth
→ S + would rather + do sth than do st
Ví dụ:
Emily prefer staying at home to hanging out with her boyfriend.
↔ Emily would rather stay at home than hang out with her boyfriend.
Cấu trúc 24
Cấu trúc so that/ in order that
S + V + so that/ in order that + S + V
→ S + V + (for O) + to V
Ví dụ: Christina’s grandparents turned off the TV so that she could sleep.
→ Christina’s grandparents turned off the TV for her to sleep.
Cấu trúc 25
Dùng cấu trúc not worth (Không đáng để mà)
To be + not worth + V-ing
→ There + be + no point in + V-ing
Ví dụ: He’s not worth getting upset about him.
→ There’s no point in getting upset about him.
Cấu trúc 26
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa với câu cảm thán How và What
Cấu trúc 1:
S + be/V + adj/adv
→ How + adj/adv + S + be/V
Ví dụ:
She wears a nice glass.
→ How nice the glass she wears!
Cấu trúc 2:
S + be + adj
→ What + a/an + adj + N
Ví dụ:
Nancy’s cat is so cute.
→ What a cute cat!
Cấu trúc 27
Cấu trúc viết lại câu thể hiện sự cần thiết (Thường dùng necessary):
Need to V
→ to be necessary (for sb) + to V
Ví dụ:
You don’t need to bring your laptop.
→ It’s not necessary for you to bring your laptop.
Not… anymore
→ No longer + đảo ngữ
→ S + no more + V
Ví dụ:
I don’t love eating meat anymore.
↔ No longer do I love eating meat.
↔ I no more love eating meat.
Cấu trúc 28
Cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa với accustomed to (Quen với):
S + be accustomed to + V-ing/N
→ S + be used to + V-ing/N
Ví dụ:
I was accustomed to sleeping very late.
→ I was used to sleeping very late.
Cấu trúc 29
Cấu trúc thay thế cho Because:
S + V + because + S + V
→ S + V + to V
Ví dụ:
Vivian studies hard because she wants to get a high score.
→ Vivian studies hard to get a high score.
Bài tập cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa
Bài tập 1: Viết lại câu không đổi nghĩa
1. My mother bought me a birthday cake.
A birthday cake ___________________________________________
2. Students say that the homework is difficult.
The homework ___________________________________________
3. You can get a tanned skin by sunbathing.
If you _____________________________________________
4. “Would you mind waiting for 30 minutes ?”
We __________________________________________________
5. “Where’s the best store to buy toys?”
I asked him ___________________________________
6. Mia won’t lose weight if she doesn’t stop eating fast food.
Unless you ____________________________________
7. To know phrasal verbs in English is necessary.
It is ______________________________________________
8. May Day is considered to be the day of the working class.
Everyone _______________________________________
9. In Nghe An Province we saw Uncle Ho’s birthplace.
We saw Nghe An Province ___________________________________
10. There are far more heavy lorries on the road than there used to be.
There didn’t __________________________________________
Bài tập 2: Viết lại câu theo gợi ý
1/ The man was upset. (adjective)
2/ The council would not collect the trash. (verb)
3/ Tommy watched a film named Harry Potter. (preposition)
4/ The bus was late because of the bad traffic. (clause order)
5/ The palace was opened by a guard. (active tense)
6/ When she got home, the door was unlocked (time clause position)
7/ Elia cooked a pancake, some potatoes, and green vegetables. (reorder list)
8/ The trip was canceled because it snowed. (replace the dependent clause with a noun phrase)
9/ Juliet can’t go to work on time because it rains so heavily
10/ My father often flew kites when he was a child.
Bài tập 3: Viết lại câu
1. In his recent article, Dr. John pointed out all the faults in the government’s new policy.
In her recent article, Dr. John was…………………
2. The CEO has been reviewing his recruitment policy for the last 3 months.
The CEO’s …………………
3. I’m absolutely sure he took the money on purpose.
He couldn’t possibly…………………
4. She delayed playing the piano until she had done a lot of tasks.
Only after…………………
5. They declared war on the pretext of defending their territorial rights.
The excuse…………………
6. Violet feels that she doesn’t get along well with the people in the new town.
Violet feels like…………………
7. The airplane in the USA are on average bigger than anywhere else in the world.
The average …………………
8. We were very impressed by the new restaurant but found it rather expensive.
Impressed…………………
9. It’s more than a fortnight since anyone saw her.
She…………………
10. The deadline for the research task is 3.00 p.m on Tuesday, 19th October.
The research task …………………
Đáp án
Bài tập 1
1/ A birthday cake was bought for me by my mother.
2/ The homework is said to be difficult.
3/ If you sunbathe, you can get tanned skin.
4/ We were asked to wait for 30 minutes
5/ I asked him where was the best store to buy toys
6/ Unless Mia stops eating fast food, she won’t lose weight
7/ It is necessary to know phrasal verbs in English.
8/ Everyone considers May Day is the day of the working class.
9/ We saw Nghe An Province where Uncle Ho was born.
10/ There didn’t use to be heavy lorries on the road
Bài tập 2
1/ The man was sad.
2/ The council refused to collect the trash.
3/ Tommy watched a film about Harry Potter.
4/ Because of the bad traffic, the bus was late.
5/ A guard opened the palace.
6/ The door was unlocked when she got home.
7/ Elia cooked green vegetables, a pancake and some potatoes.
8/ The trip was canceled because of the snow.
9/ Juliet can’t go to work on time because of heavy rain.
10/ My father used to fly kites when he was a child.
Bài tập 3
1/ In her recent article, Dr. John was critical of the government’s new policy.
2/ The CEO’s recruitment policy has been under review for the last 3 months.
3/ She couldn’t possibly have taken the money by mistake.
4/ Only after she had done a lot of homework did she begin to play the piano.
5/ The excuse for the declaration of war was the defense of their territorial rights.
6/ Violet feels like a fish out of water in the new town.
7/ The average airplane in the USA is bigger than anywhere else in the world.
8/ Impressed as we were by the new restaurant, we found it rather expensive.
9/ She was last seen ( more than) a fortnight // two weeks ago.
10/ The research task must be handed in// returned// received// submitted by// no later than 3.00 p.m on Tuesday, 19th October.
Hy vọng qua bài viết này, bạn có thể nắm được tất cả các cấu trúc viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa trọng tâm trong các kỳ thi. Cùng luyện tập các bài tập trên để củng cố lại những kiến thức về cấu trúc viết lại câu phổ biến thường gặp phía trên. OneCLass Cấp Tốc chúc bạn học thật tốt!